| Clinical Studies |
Several clinical studies have been published in peer-reviewed journals including…
- Neurology
- Neural Processing Letters
- Journal of the Neurological Sciences
- Frontiers in Neuroscience
The links found below take you to a number of these studies.
Some are in summary form and some are downloadable files in PDF format. If you need the free Adobe Reader software to read the PDFs, download it by clicking here.
The studies show how effectively the visual and auditory aids now combined in the Gaitaid Virtual Walker work.
To summarize the findings…
The average improvement in gait (walking performance) was 20-30%.
The degree of improvement was proportional to the degree of disability. The harder it was for patients to walk normally before using the device, the more they improved after practicing with it.
The percentage of patients that improved their walking was between 70%-85% depending on the study. Unfortunately, a few patients did not show significant improvement, although they didn’t get worse either.
One of the most interesting and important findings was the lasting improvement that occurred. Many patients improved ability to walk was still present when they were tested again a week or more later.
Some patients reported they could still imagine seeing the visual cues a week later in their mind’s eye while walking without needing to wear the Virtual Walker. They reported this continued to help them to take bigger steps and walk at a more normal pace.
More importantly, they continued to walk much better even after they stopped practicing with the device daily.
CLINICAL STUDY SELECTION
Baram Y, Closed-loop Augmented Reality for Movement Disorders, Frontiers in Neuroscience, May 2009
Baram Y, Walking on Tiles, Neural Processing Letters 10: 81-87, 1999.
Baram Y, Walking on Virtual Tiles, Neural Processing Letters 16: 227-233, 2002
Baram Y,Virtual Reality Feedback Cues for Improvement of Gait in Patients with Parkinson's Disease., 2006
Baram Y, Virtual reality cues for improvement of gait in patients with Multiple Sclerosis, NEUROLOGY 2006;66:178-181
Baram Y, Auditory feedback control for improvement of gait in patients with
Multiple Sclerosis, Journal of the Neurological Sciences 254 (2007) 90-94
Glide-Symmetric Visual Feedback for MS Patients (ENS 2009)
Audio-Visual Feedback for Brain-Stroke Patients
Virtual Reality Visual Feedback for Gait Improvement in Children with Cerebral Palsy (ENS 2009)
Auditory Feedback for Gait Improvement in Children with Cerebral Palsy
Gait improvement in patients with cerebral palsy by visual and auditory feedback (VR 2009)
Scientific Papers in Conference Proceedings
Y. Baram, Dopaminetgic neuron regulation with and without dopamine. 2nd International on Gait and Mental Function, Amsterdam, February 2008.
Penick D, Soper A, Belagaje S, Kissela B, Espay A, Baram Y, Dunning K, Effect of Dynamic Visual and Auditory Feedback on Gait in Persons with Stroke, APTA CSM, Alexandria, VA, 2009.
Y. Baram, A. Miller, Glide-Symmetric Visual Feedback for MS Patients ENS, Milan, Italy, 2009
Y. Baram, R. Lenger, Virtual Reality Visual Feedback for Gait Improvement in Children with Cerebral Palsy, ENS, Milan, Italy, 2009.
Y. Baram, J. Aharon-Peretz, R. Lenger, Virtual reality cues for gait improvement in patients with idiopathic senile gait disorders and in patient with history of previous strokes, ESC, Stokholm, Sweden 2009.
Y. Baram, R. Lenger, Gait improvement in patients with cerebral palsy by visual and auditory feedback, VR, Haifa 2009.
Y. Baram, How the activity of the dopamine neuron is regulated with and without dopamine. 2nd International on Gait and Mental Function, Amsterdam, February 2008.
Y. Baram, Gait Regulation by Nested Phase-Locked Inhibit-and-Fire Neuronal Circuits, 60th Annual Meeting of the American Academy of Neurology, Chicago, IL, April 2008.
A. J. Espay, Y. Baram, N. Burton, M. Gartner, H. A. Miranda, A. P. Duker, F. J. Revilla, At-home training with virtual reality cues for improvement of gait in patients with Parkinson's disease. Accepted for platform presentation, 60th Annual Meeting of the American Academy of Neurology, Chicago, IL, April 2008.
Y. Baram, S. Badarny and J. Aharon-Peretz, ``Virtual Reality Feedback Cues for Improvement of Gait in Patients with Parkinson's Disease,'' 10th International Congress of Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders, Kyoto, Japan, October 2006.
Y. Baram and A. Miller,''Auditory Feedback for Improvement of Gait in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis,'' 22nd Congress of the European Committee for Treatment and Research in Multiple Sclerosis, Madrid, Spain, September 2006.
Y. Baram and A. Miller,''Sensory Feedback for Improvement of Gait in Patients with Movement Disorders, 21st Congress of the European Committee for Treatment and Research in Multiple Sclerosis, Saloniki, Greece, August 2005.
Y. Baram and A. Miller, ``Virtual Reality Cues for Improvement of Gait in Multiple Sclerosis Patients'', 19'th Annual Conference of the Consortium of Multiple Sclerosis Centers (CMSC), Orlando, Florida, June 2005 (The Research Award for the Best Platform Presentation in Research in Multiple Sclerosis)
Y. Baram, J. Aharon-Peretz, Y. Simionovici, L. Ron, ``Walking on Tiles: Virtual Reality in Closed-Loop Improves Gait in Parkinson's Patients,'' oral presentation at the 53'rd Annual Meeting of the American Academy of Neurology, Philadelphia, PA, May 2001, {\it Neurology}, Vol. 56, No. 8, Supplement 3, p. A308, April 2001.
Y. Baram, J. Aharon-Peretz, Y. Simionovici, L. Ron, ``Gait Manegement in Parkinson's Patients by Virtual Reality in Closed-Loop,'' oral presentation, Annual Meeting of the Israeli Neurological Society, Zichron Yaakov, November 2000.